Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. Impairs regulatory T-cells  function in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis via FOXP3 dephosphorylation. Up-regulates the expression of protein phosphatase 1 , which dephosphorylates the key Ser-418 residue of FOXP3, thereby inactivating FOXP3 and rendering Treg cells functionally defective . Key mediator of cell death in the anticancer action of BCG-stimulated neutrophils in combination with DIABLO/SMAC mimetic in the RT4v6 bladder cancer cell line . Induces insulin resistance in adipocytes via inhibition of insulin-induced IRS1 tyrosine phosphorylation and insulin-induced glucose uptake. Induces GKAP42 protein degradation in adipocytes which is partially responsible for TNF-induced insulin resistance . Plays a role in angiogenesis by inducing VEGF production synergistically with IL1B and IL6 . Promotes osteoclastogenesis and therefore mediates bone resorption . ; The TNF intracellular domain  form induces IL12 production in dendritic cells.

Tumor necrosis factor (Cachectin) (TNF-alpha) (Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2) (TNF-a) [Cleaved into: Tumor necrosis factor, membrane form (N-terminal fragment) (NTF); Intracellular domain 1 (ICD1); Intracellular domain 2 (ICD2); C-domain 1; C-domain 2; Tumor necrosis factor, soluble form]

p01375

Human

WB,IP,FC

WB 1:1000
IP 1:20-1:50
FC 1:200-1:1000

~26 kD

Rabbit

50mM Tris-Glycine(pH 7.4), 0.15M NaCl, 40% Glycerol, 0.01% sodium azide and 0.05% BSA.

Store at -20°C. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.