IFN-induced dsRNA-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that phosphorylates the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha) and plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection . Inhibits viral replication via the integrated stress response (ISR): EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha phosphorylation in response to viral infection converts EIF2S1/eIF-2-alpha in a global protein synthesis inhibitor, resulting to a shutdown of cellular and viral protein synthesis, while concomitantly initiating the preferential translation of ISR-specific mRNAs, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4 . Exerts its antiviral activity on a wide range of DNA and RNA viruses including hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), measles virus (MV) and herpes simplex virus 1 (HHV-1) . Also involved in the regulation of signal transduction, apoptosis, cell proliferation and differentiation: phosphorylates other substrates including p53/TP53, PPP2R5A, DHX9, ILF3, IRS1 and the HHV-1 viral protein US11 . In addition to serine/threonine-protein kinase activity, also has tyrosine-protein kinase activity and phosphorylates CDK1 at ''Tyr-4'' upon DNA damage, facilitating its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation . Either as an adapter protein and/or via its kinase activity, can regulate various signaling pathways (p38 MAP kinase, NF-kappa-B and insulin signaling pathways) and transcription factors (JUN, STAT1, STAT3, IRF1, ATF3) involved in the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines and IFNs . Activates the NF-kappa-B pathway via interaction with IKBKB and TRAF family of proteins and activates the p38 MAP kinase pathway via interaction with MAP2K6 . Can act as both a positive and negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway (ISP) . Negatively regulates ISP by inducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) at ''Ser-312'' and positively regulates ISP via phosphorylation of PPP2R5A which activates FOXO1, which in turn up-regulates the expression of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2) . Can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and the activation of NLRP3, NLRP1, AIM2 and NLRC4 inflammasomes . Plays a role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton by binding to gelsolin (GSN), sequestering the protein in an inactive conformation away from actin (By similarity). .

Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2) (eIF-2A protein kinase 2) (Interferon-inducible RNA-dependent protein kinase) (P1/eIF-2A protein kinase) (Protein kinase RNA-activated) (PKR) (Protein kinase R) (Tyrosine-protein kinase EIF2AK2) (EC 2.7.10.2) (p68 kinase),EIF2AK2 PKR PRKR

P19525,Q03963

5610

Human,Rat,Mouse

WB,IHC,IF,ICC,ELISA

WB 1:500-2000
IHC 1:50-300
IF 1:50-200
ICC 1:50-200
ELISA 1:20000

Phospho-PKR (T258) Polyclonal Antibody detects endogenous levels of PKR protein only when phosphorylated at T258.

62kDa

Rabbit

Synthesized peptide derived from human PKR around the phosphorylation site of Thr258.

Polyclonal

Rabbit,IgG

The antibody was affinity-purified from rabbit antiserum by affinity-chromatography using epitope-specific immunogen.

Liquid in PBS containing 50% glycerol, 0.5% BSA and 0.02% New type preservative N.

1 mg/ml

Store at -20℃. Stable for 12 months from date of receipt.