Peptide hormone that functions as endogenous ligand for the G-protein-coupled apelin receptor (APLNR/APJ), that plays a role in cadiovascular homeostasis . Functions as a balanced agonist activating both G(i) protein pathway and beta-arrestin pathway of APLNR . Downstream G proteins activation, apelin can inhibit cAMP production and activate key intracellular effectors such as ERKs . On the other hand, APLNR activation induces beta-arrestin recruitment to the membrane leading to desensitization and internalization of the receptor . Apelin blunts cardiac hypertrophic induction from APLNR on response to pathological stimuli, but also induces myocardial hypertrophy under normal conditions . Apelin-36 dissociates more hardly than (pyroglu)apelin-13 from APLNR (By similarity). Involved in the regulation of cardiac precursor cell movements during gastrulation and heart morphogenesis (By similarity). Has an inhibitory effect on cytokine production in response to T-cell receptor/CD3 cross-linking; the oral intake of apelin in the colostrum and the milk might therefore modulate immune responses in neonates (By similarity). Plays a role in early coronary blood vessels formation (By similarity). Mediates myocardial contractility in an ERK1/2-dependent manner (By similarity). May also have a role in the central control of body fluid homeostasis by influencing vasopressin release and drinking behavior (By similarity). .; (Microbial infection) Endogenous ligand for the apelin receptor (APLNR), an alternative coreceptor with CD4 for HIV-1 infection . Inhibits HIV-1 entry in cells coexpressing CD4 and APLNR . Apelin-36 has a greater inhibitory activity on HIV infection than other synthetic apelin derivatives . .

q9ulz1, q9tui9, q9r0r3, q9r0r4

Apelin (APJ endogenous ligand) [Cleaved into: Apelin-36; Apelin-31; Apelin-28; Apelin-13],APLN APEL,APEL,Apelin,APJ endogenous ligand,APLN

Human, Mouse, Rat

WB,IHC,ELISA

WB 1:500-1:2000
IHC 1:50-1:300
ELISA 1:5000-1:20000

9kD

Rabbit

Recombinant Human APLN (Ser24-Phe77).

Polyclonal

IgG

Purified by antigen affinity column.

0.01M PBS, pH 7.4, 50% Glycerol, 0.05% Proclin 300.

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Store at 4℃ short term (1-2 weeks). Store at -20℃ 12 months.