Histatins are cationic and histidine-rich peptides mainly found in the saliva of higher primates . They are considered to be major precursors of the protective proteinaceous structure on tooth surfaces (enamel pellicle). Hsts can be divided into two major groups according to their biological functions: antimicrobial Hsts (e.g. Hst 5/HTN3) and cell-activating Hsts (e.g. Hst 1/HTN1, Hst 2/HTN1 and Hst 3/HTN3) . .; [Histatin-3]: Histatin 3 (Hst 3) is mostly involved in cell migration and wound healing in the oral cavity . Also stimulates cell proliferation after binding to heat shock protein HSC70, which enhances HSC70-CDKN1B complex formation and subsequent ubiquitination during G1/S transition . Also displays antifungal activity against pathogenic yeast Candida albicans, however with less effectiveness than Hst 5 . .; [His3-(20-43)-peptide]: Histatin 5 (Hst 5), a fragment of Hst 3, is the major histatin exhibiting antifungal and antibacterial activities . It is effective against pathogenic yeast C.albicans, C.neoformans, C.glabrata and S.cerevisiae as well as ESKAPE bacterial pathogens . Secreted Hst 5 mediates a multi-step intracellular mechanism of action against the pathogen. Depending on peptide concentration and pathogen, uptake across the membrane can occur through transporters, direct interaction with plasma membrane and/or receptor-mediated endocytosis . Binds C.albicans cell wall proteins SSA1 and SSA2 and glycans in an energy-independent manner, then is taken up by the cells through fungal polyamine transporters DUR3 and DUR31 in an energy-dependent manner . Internalized Hst5 is then targeted to the energized mitochondrion to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and subsequent release of intracellular non-lytic ATP which ultimately leads to fungal cell death . In addition, inhibits C.albicans TRK1 potassium-transporter which causes exudation of intracellular K(+), generating an osmotic imbalance leading to delayed membrane lysis and cell death . Also acts as a potent inhibitor of bacterial proteases such as Lys-gingipain and Arg-gingipain (rgpB) from P.gingivalis as well as human metalloproteases MMP2 and MMP9 . The binding of metals such as zinc, copper or nickel with Hst 5 results in the protection of the enamel and antimicrobial activities such as the inhibition of microbial growth by decreasing the metal concentration, the formation of ROS commonly associated with redox-active metals, the induction of membrane disruption mediated by zinc binding . Also involved in coating oral surfaces in the form of a salivary film which reduces colonization by C.albicans on epithelial cell surfaces . Secreted Hst 5 can also internalize mammalian epithelial cells and target the mitochondria although it does not exert cytotoxic effects in these cells . In contrast with Hst 3, not able to promote wound healing in mammalian host cells . .

p15516

Histatin-3 (Basic histidine-rich protein) (Hst) (Histatin 3) (Hst 3) (Histidine-rich protein 3) (PB) [Cleaved into: Histatin-3; His3-(20-44)-peptide (His3 20/44) (His3-(1-25)-peptide) (His3 1/25) (Histatin 6) (Histatin-3 1/25) (Histatin-6); His3-(20-43)-peptide (His3 20/43) (His3-(1-24)-peptide) (His3 1/24) (Histatin 5) (Hst 5) (Histatin-3 1/24) (Histatin-5); His3-(20-32)-peptide (His3 20/32) (His3-(1-13)-peptide) (His3 1/13) (Histatin-3 1/13); His3-(20-31)-peptide (His3 20/31) (His3-(1-12)-peptide) (His3 1/12) (Histatin-3 1/12); His3-(20-30)-peptide (His3 20/30) (His3-(1-11)-peptide) (His3 1/11) (Histatin-3 1/11); His3-(24-32)-peptide (His3 24/32) (His3-(5-13)-peptide) (His3 5/13) (Histatin-3 5/13); His3-(24-31)-peptide (His3 24/31) (His3-(5-12)-peptide) (His3 5/12) (Histatin 11) (Histatin-11) (Histatin-3 5/12); His3-(24-30)-peptide (His3 24/30) (His3-(5-11)-peptide) (His3 5/11) (Histatin 12) (Histatin-12) (Histatin-3 5/11); His3-(25-32)-peptide (His3 25/32) (His3-(6-13)-peptide) (His3 6/13) (Histatin-3 6/13); His3-(25-30)-peptide (His3 25/30) (His3-(6-11)-peptide) (His3 6/11) (Histatin-3 6/11); His3-(26-32)-peptide (His3 26/32) (His3-(7-13)-peptide) (His3 7/13) (Histatin-3 7/13); His3-(26-31)-peptide (His3 26/31) (His3-(7-12)-peptide) (His3 7/12) (Histatin-3 7/12); His3-(26-30)-peptide (His3 26/30) (His3-(7-11)-peptide) (His3 7/11) (Histatin-3 7/11); His3-(31-51)-peptide (His3 31/51) (His3-(12-32)-peptide) (His3 12/32) (Histatin 4) (Histatin-3 12/32) (Histatin-4); His3-(31-44)-peptide (His3 31/44) (His3-(12-25)-peptide) (His3 12/25) (Histatin 9) (Histatin-3 12/25) (Histatin-9); His3-(31-43)-peptide (His3 31/43) (His3-(12-24)-peptide) (His3 12/24) (Histatin 7) (Histatin-3 12/24) (Histatin-7); His3-(32-44)-peptide (His3 32/44) (His3-(13-25)-peptide) (His3 13/25) (Histatin 10) (Histatin-10) (Histatin-3 13/25); His3-(32-43)-peptide (His3 32-43) (His3-(13-24)-peptide) (His3 13/24) (Histatin 8) (Histatin-3 13/24) (Histatin-8); His3-(33-44)-peptide (His3 33/44) (His3-(14-25)-peptide) (His3 14/25) (Histatin-3 14/25); His3-(33-43)-peptide (His3 33/43) (His3-(14-24)-peptide) (His3 14/24) (Histatin-3 14/24); His3-(34-44)-peptide (His3 34/44) (His3-(15-25)-peptide) (His3 15/25) (Histatin-3 15/25); His3-(34-43)-peptide (His3 34/43) (His3-(15-24)-peptide) (His3 15/24) (Histatin-3 15/24); His3-(45-51)-peptide (His3 45/51) (His3-(26-32)-peptide) (His3 26/32) (Histatin-3 26/32); His3-(47-51)-peptide (His3 47/51) (His3-(28-32)-peptide) (His3 28/32) (Histatin-3 28/32); His3-(48-51)-peptide (His3 48/51) (His3-(29-32)-peptide) (His3 29/32) (Histatin-3 29/32)],HTN3 HIS2,His3 20/31, Histatin-5, His3-(15-24)-peptide, His3 26/32, His3 28/32, His3 31/51, Histatin-12, Histatin-3 29/32, Histatin-3 6/11, His3 45/51, His3 7/12, His3 31/43, PB, His3 24/32, Histatin-6, HTN3, His3 33/43, His3-(5-13)-peptide, His3 5/11, Histidine-rich protein 3, His3 6/13, His3-(13-24)-peptide, His3 48/51, Histatin-3 14/25, Histatin-3 15/24, HIS2, His3 26/31, His3-(26-32)-peptide, His3 20/43, His3 14/24, His3-(7-11)-peptide, His3-(14-24)-peptide, His3 5/12, His3 34/43, Histatin-3 5/13, His3 32/44, His3 12/24, His3-(6-11)-peptide, Basic histidine-rich protein, Histatin-3 1/12, His3 13/25...

Human

WB,IHC,ELISA

WB 1:500-1:2000
IHC 1:50-1:300
ELISA 1:5000-1:20000

7kD

Rabbit

Recombinant Human HTN3 (Asp20-Asn51).

Polyclonal

IgG

Purified by antigen affinity column.

0.01M PBS, pH 7.4, 50% Glycerol, 0.05% Proclin 300.

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Store at 4℃ short term (1-2 weeks). Store at -20℃ 12 months.