The main virulence factor for this bacteria, a mono-ADP-ribosylating toxin (mART), that transfers the ADP-ribosyl group from NAD(+) to multiple target proteins in vitro . Also elicits cytopathic effects in mammalian cells, such as disorganization and disruption of respiratory epithelial integrity in tracheal epithelium and vacuolization in the cytoplasm of CHO and HeLa cells as well as in mice and baboons . Treatment of mice or baboons with CARDS elicits a response that is consistent with human M.pneumoniae infections and mouse models of both infection and intoxication, suggesting that CARDS toxin is sufficient to cause prolonged inflammatory responses and airway dysfunction. Treatment of baboons with CARDS induces a number of cytokines; G-CSF (40 fold), IL-1Ra (10 fold), IL-6 and IL-8 (333 and 100 fold, respectively), MIP-1a (5 fold), and RANTES (9 fold). Treatment of mice gives a similar response . Binds phosphatidyl choline, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and sphingomyelin via domains D2 plus D3 . .; Has at least 2 host receptors SFTPA1 and ANXA2 . Internalized by a clathrin-mediated process; protein is rapidly taken up at 37 degrees Celsius. Clathrin-independent or caveolin-dependent endocytosis were not detected . In HeLa cells internalized CARDS trafficks toward the nucleus by retrograde transport from early to late endosomes, then the Golgi apparatus; at 16 hours most toxin is concentrated in the perinuclear region in the host endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Failure to localize to the host ER prevents ADP-ribosylation and vacuolization . An acidic compartment is required to mediate retrotransport and processing of toxin into an N-terminal fragment with mART activity and a C-terminal fragment that is able to induce vacuolization . .; Induces the host NLRP3 inflammasome to release interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta); IL-1 beta release requires ADP-ribosylation activity and uptake by host macrophages. In the host colocalizes with the NLRP3 inflammasome; ADP-ribosylates NLRP3 in vitro . ADP-ribosylation of NLRP3 may lead to hyperinflammation (Probable). .

p75409

ADP-ribosylating toxin CARDS (EC 2.4.2.-) (ADP-ribosyltransferase CARDS) (Community-Acquired Respiratory Distress Syndrome Toxin) (CARDX TX),cards MPN_372 MP464,ADP-ribosylating toxin CARDS, 2.4.2.-, ADP-ribosyltransferase CARDS, Community-Acquired Respiratory Distress Syndrome Toxin, CARDX TX, cards, MPN_372, MP464, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (strain ATCC 29342 / M129 / Subtype 1) (Mycoplasmoides pneumoniae)

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (strain ATCC 29342 / M129 / Subtype 1) (Mycoplasmoides pneumoniae)

WB,IHC,ELISA

WB 1:500-1:2000
IHC 1:50-1:300
ELISA 1:5000-1:20000

69kD

Rabbit

Recombinant Mycoplasma pneumoniae CARDS (Met1-Phe591).

Polyclonal

IgG

Antigen affinity purification.

0.01M PBS, pH 7.4, 50% Glycerol, 0.05% Proclin 300.

Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Store at 4℃ short term (1-2 weeks). Store at -20℃ 12 months.